The Standard Assessment Procedure (SAP) is the UK government’s recommended methodology for measuring the energy rating of residential dwellings. It calculates the typical annual energy costs for space, water heating and internal lighting. The CO2 emissions are also calculated for building regulations. The SAP rating is a scale from 1 to 100+, with dwellings that have a SAP over 100 being net exporters of regulated energy.

An EPC, or Energy Performance Certificate is a guide with information for prospective tenants and property buyers covering the property in question’s energy efficiency. EPCs detail how well and efficiently the said property uses energy and manages its use throughout the year. It also routinely states a calculated projected average cost of running the property based on the efficiency results.

Building regulations are required for most types of building works and improvements in the UK. Building regulations for England and Wales is covered by the Building Act, 1984 and for Scotland is covered by the Building (Scotland) Act 2003. Legislation and laws pertaining to building regulations is constantly being reviewed, revised, updated and improved to reflect building best practices and keep up to date with any relevant occurrences in the UK.

Planning permission is the authority and permission from a Local Planning Authority (LPA) that is needed for any qualifying property in order for works to be commenced. Planning permission applies to some properties and building projects more than others. Common examples of projects that need permission include: